CVEs

wpDiscuz before 7.6.47 contains a cross-site scripting vulnerability in the customCss field that allows administrators to inject malicious scripts by breaking out of style tags. Attackers with admin access can inject payloads like </style><script>alert(1)</script> in the custom CSS setting to execute arbitrary JavaScript in user browsers.

wpDiscuz before 7.6.47 contains an email header injection vulnerability that allows attackers to manipulate mail recipients by injecting malicious data into the comment_author_email cookie. Attackers can craft a malicious cookie value that, when processed through urldecode() and passed to wp_mail() functions, enables header injection to alter email recipients or inject additional headers.

wpDiscuz before 7.6.47 contains an information disclosure vulnerability that allows administrators to inadvertently expose OAuth secrets by exporting plugin options as JSON. Attackers can obtain exported files containing plaintext API secrets like fbAppSecret, googleClientSecret, twitterAppSecret, and other social login credentials from support tickets, backups, or version control repositories.

wpDiscuz before 7.6.47 contains a cross-site request forgery vulnerability that allows attackers to delete all comments associated with an email address by crafting a malicious GET request with a valid HMAC key. Attackers can embed the deletecomments action URL in image tags or other resources to trigger permanent deletion of comments without user confirmation or POST-based CSRF protection.

wpDiscuz before 7.6.47 contains an IP spoofing vulnerability in the getIP() function that allows attackers to bypass IP-based rate limiting and ban enforcement by trusting untrusted HTTP headers. Attackers can set HTTP_CLIENT_IP or HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR headers to spoof their IP address and circumvent security controls.

Voltronic Power SNMP Web Pro version 1.1 contains a pre-authentication path traversal vulnerability in the upload.cgi endpoint that allows unauthenticated attackers to read arbitrary files on the device filesystem by supplying directory traversal sequences in the params parameter. Attackers can exploit this vulnerability to disclose sensitive files such as password hashes, which can be cracked offline to obtain root-level access and enable full system compromise.

wpDiscuz before 7.6.47 contains an SQL injection vulnerability in the getAllSubscriptions() function where string parameters lack proper quote escaping in SQL queries. Attackers can inject malicious SQL code through email, activation_key, subscription_date, and imported_from parameters to manipulate database queries and extract sensitive information.

Voltronic Power SNMP Web Pro version 1.1 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to access privileged management functions by manipulating browser localStorage values. Attackers can modify client-side authentication state to bypass server-side access controls and gain unauthorized access to protected management functionality without valid credentials.

Beghelli Sicuro24 SicuroWeb contains a template injection vulnerability that allows attackers to inject arbitrary AngularJS expressions by exploiting improper rendering of untrusted input in AngularJS template contexts. Attackers can inject malicious expressions that are compiled and executed by the AngularJS 1.5.2 runtime to achieve arbitrary JavaScript execution in operator browser sessions, with network-adjacent attackers able to deliver payloads via MITM injection in plaintext HTTP deployments.

wpDiscuz before 7.6.47 contains a stored cross-site scripting vulnerability in the inline comment preview functionality that allows authenticated users to inject malicious scripts by submitting comments with unescaped content. Attackers with unfiltered_html capabilities can inject JavaScript directly through comment content rendered in the AJAX response from the getLastInlineComments() function in class.WpdiscuzHelperAjax.php without proper HTML escaping.

wpDiscuz before 7.6.47 contains an unauthenticated denial of service vulnerability that allows anonymous users to trigger mass notification emails by exploiting the checkNotificationType() function. Attackers can repeatedly call the wpdiscuz-ajax.php endpoint with arbitrary postId and comment_id parameters to flood subscribers with notifications, as the handler lacks nonce verification, authentication checks, and rate limiting.

Statamic is a Laravel and Git powered content management system (CMS). Prior to 6.6.2, stored XSS in the control panel color mode preference allows authenticated users with control panel access to inject malicious JavaScript that executes when a higher-privileged user impersonates their account. This has been fixed in 6.6.2.

PyJWT is a JSON Web Token implementation in Python. Prior to 2.12.0, PyJWT does not validate the crit (Critical) Header Parameter defined in RFC 7515 §4.1.11. When a JWS token contains a crit array listing extensions that PyJWT does not understand, the library accepts the token instead of rejecting it. This violates the MUST requirement in the RFC. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.12.0.

soroban-sdk is a Rust SDK for Soroban contracts. Prior to 22.0.11, 23.5.3, and 25.3.0, The Fr (scalar field) types for BN254 and BLS12-381 in soroban-sdk compared values using their raw U256 representation without first reducing modulo the field modulus r. This caused mathematically equal field elements to compare as not-equal when one or both values were unreduced (i.e., >= r). The vulnerability requires an attacker to supply crafted Fr values through contract inputs, and compare them directly without going through host-side arithmetic operations. Smart contracts that rely on Fr equality checks for security-critical logic could produce incorrect results. The impact depends on how the affected contract uses Fr equality comparisons, but can result in incorrect authorization decisions or validation bypasses in contracts that perform equality checks on user-supplied scalar values. This vulnerability is fixed in 22.0.11, 23.5.3, and 25.3.0.

Ella Core is a 5G core designed for private networks. Prior to 1.5.1, Ella Core panics when processing a PathSwitchRequest containing UE Security Capabilities with zero-length NR encryption or integrity protection algorithm bitstrings, resulting in a denial of service. An attacker able to send crafted NGAP messages to Ella Core can crash the process, causing service disruption for all connected subscribers. No authentication is required. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.5.1.

Ella Core is a 5G core designed for private networks. Prior to 1.5.1, Ella Core panics when processing a malformed integrity protected NGAP/NAS message with a length under 7 bytes. An attacker able to send crafted NAS messages to Ella Core can crash the process, causing service disruption for all connected subscribers. No authentication is required. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.5.1.

OneUptime is a solution for monitoring and managing online services. Prior to 10.0.24, the password reset flow logs the complete password reset URL — containing the plaintext reset token — at INFO log level, which is enabled by default in production. Anyone with access to application logs (log aggregation, Docker logs, Kubernetes pod logs) can intercept reset tokens and perform account takeover on any user. This vulnerability is fixed in 10.0.24.

OneUptime is a solution for monitoring and managing online services. Prior to 10.0.23, the Markdown viewer component renders Mermaid diagrams with securityLevel: "loose" and injects the SVG output via innerHTML. This configuration explicitly allows interactive event bindings in Mermaid diagrams, enabling XSS through Mermaid's click directive which can execute arbitrary JavaScript. Any field that renders markdown (incident descriptions, status page announcements, monitor notes) is vulnerable. This vulnerability is fixed in 10.0.23.

OneUptime is a solution for monitoring and managing online services. Prior to 10.0.23, the telemetry aggregation API accepts user-controlled aggregationType, aggregateColumnName, and aggregationTimestampColumnName parameters and interpolates them directly into ClickHouse SQL queries via the .append() method (documented as "trusted SQL"). There is no allowlist, no parameterized query binding, and no input validation. An authenticated user can inject arbitrary SQL into ClickHouse, enabling full database read (including telemetry data from all tenants), data modification, and potential remote code execution via ClickHouse table functions. This vulnerability is fixed in 10.0.23.

Locutus brings stdlibs of other programming languages to JavaScript for educational purposes. Prior to 3.0.14, the create_function(args, code) function passes both parameters directly to the Function constructor without any sanitization, allowing arbitrary code execution. This is distinct from CVE-2026-29091 which was call_user_func_array using eval() in v2.x. This finding affects create_function using new Function() in v3.x. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.0.14.

OpenClaw is a personal AI assistant. Prior to 2026.3.11, browser-originated WebSocket connections could bypass origin validation when gateway.auth.mode was set to trusted-proxy and the request arrived with proxy headers. A page served from an untrusted origin could connect through a trusted reverse proxy, inherit proxy-authenticated identity, and establish a privileged operator session. This vulnerability is fixed in 2026.3.11.

Centrifugo is an open-source scalable real-time messaging server. Prior to 6.7.0, Centrifugo is vulnerable to Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) when configured with a dynamic JWKS endpoint URL using template variables (e.g. {{tenant}}). An unauthenticated attacker can craft a JWT with a malicious iss or aud claim value that gets interpolated into the JWKS fetch URL before the token signature is verified, causing Centrifugo to make an outbound HTTP request to an attacker-controlled destination. This vulnerability is fixed in 6.7.0.

Anchore Enterprise versions before 5.25.1 contain an SQL injection vulnerability in the GraphQL Reports API. An authenticated attacker that is able to access the GraphQL API could execute arbitrary SQL instructions resulting in modifications to the data contained in the Anchore Enterprise database.

ImpactThe undici WebSocket client is vulnerable to a denial-of-service attack due to improper validation of the server_max_window_bits parameter in the permessage-deflate extension. When a WebSocket client connects to a server, it automatically advertises support for permessage-deflate compression. A malicious server can respond with an out-of-range server_max_window_bits value (outside zlib's valid range of 8-15). When the server subsequently sends a compressed frame, the client attempts to create a zlib InflateRaw instance with the invalid windowBits value, causing a synchronous RangeError exception that is not caught, resulting in immediate process termination. The vulnerability exists because: * The isValidClientWindowBits() function only validates that the value contains ASCII digits, not that it falls within the valid range 8-15 * The createInflateRaw() call is not wrapped in a try-catch block * The resulting exception propagates up through the call stack and crashes the Node.js process

ImpactA server can reply with a WebSocket frame using the 64-bit length form and an extremely large length. undici's ByteParser overflows internal math, ends up in an invalid state, and throws a fatal TypeError that terminates the process. Patches Patched in the undici version v7.24.0 and v6.24.0. Users should upgrade to this version or later.

ImpactWhen an application passes user-controlled input to the upgrade option of client.request(), an attacker can inject CRLF sequences (\r\n) to: * Inject arbitrary HTTP headers * Terminate the HTTP request prematurely and smuggle raw data to non-HTTP services (Redis, Memcached, Elasticsearch) The vulnerability exists because undici writes the upgrade value directly to the socket without validating for invalid header characters: // lib/dispatcher/client-h1.js:1121 if (upgrade) { header += `connection: upgrade\r\nupgrade: ${upgrade}\r\n` }

This is an uncontrolled resource consumption vulnerability (CWE-400) that can lead to Denial of Service (DoS). In vulnerable Undici versions, when interceptors.deduplicate() is enabled, response data for deduplicated requests could be accumulated in memory for downstream handlers. An attacker-controlled or untrusted upstream endpoint can exploit this with large/chunked responses and concurrent identical requests, causing high memory usage and potential OOM process termination. Impacted users are applications that use Undici’s deduplication interceptor against endpoints that may produce large or long-lived response bodies. PatchesThe issue has been patched by changing deduplication behavior to stream response chunks to downstream handlers as they arrive (instead of full-body accumulation), and by preventing late deduplication when body streaming has already started. Users should upgrade to the first official Undici (and Node.js, where applicable) releases that include this patch.

The undici WebSocket client is vulnerable to a denial-of-service attack via unbounded memory consumption during permessage-deflate decompression. When a WebSocket connection negotiates the permessage-deflate extension, the client decompresses incoming compressed frames without enforcing any limit on the decompressed data size. A malicious WebSocket server can send a small compressed frame (a "decompression bomb") that expands to an extremely large size in memory, causing the Node.js process to exhaust available memory and crash or become unresponsive. The vulnerability exists in the PerMessageDeflate.decompress() method, which accumulates all decompressed chunks in memory and concatenates them into a single Buffer without checking whether the total size exceeds a safe threshold.

The Honeywell IQ4x building management controller, exposes its full web-based HMI without authentication in its factory-default configuration. With no user module configured, security is disabled by design and the system operates under a System Guest (level 100) context, granting read/write privileges to any party able to reach the HTTP interface. Authentication controls are only enforced after a web user is created via U.htm, which dynamically enables the user module. Because this function is accessible prior to authentication, a remote user can create a new account with administrative read/write permissions enabling the user module and imposing authentication under attacker-controlled credentials. This action can effectively lock legitimate operators out of local and web-based configuration and administration.

Undici allows duplicate HTTP Content-Length headers when they are provided in an array with case-variant names (e.g., Content-Length and content-length). This produces malformed HTTP/1.1 requests with multiple conflicting Content-Length values on the wire. Who is impacted: * Applications using undici.request(), undici.Client, or similar low-level APIs with headers passed as flat arrays * Applications that accept user-controlled header names without case-normalization Potential consequences: * Denial of Service: Strict HTTP parsers (proxies, servers) will reject requests with duplicate Content-Length headers (400 Bad Request) * HTTP Request Smuggling: In deployments where an intermediary and backend interpret duplicate headers inconsistently (e.g., one uses the first value, the other uses the last), this can enable request smuggling attacks leading to ACL bypass, cache poisoning, or credential hijacking

Black is the uncompromising Python code formatter. Prior to 26.3.1, Black writes a cache file, the name of which is computed from various formatting options. The value of the --python-cell-magics option was placed in the filename without sanitization, which allowed an attacker who controls the value of this argument to write cache files to arbitrary file system locations. Fixed in Black 26.3.1.

Parse Server is an open source backend that can be deployed to any infrastructure that can run Node.js. Prior to 9.6.0-alpha.13 and 8.6.39, the OAuth2 authentication adapter does not correctly validate app IDs when appidField and appIds are configured. During app ID validation, a malformed value is sent to the token introspection endpoint instead of the user's actual access token. Depending on the introspection endpoint's behavior, this could either cause all OAuth2 logins to fail, or allow authentication from disallowed app contexts if the endpoint returns valid-looking data for the malformed request. Deployments using the OAuth2 adapter with appidField and appIds configured are affected. This vulnerability is fixed in 9.6.0-alpha.13 and 8.6.39.

Deno is a JavaScript, TypeScript, and WebAssembly runtime. From 2.7.0 to 2.7.1, A command injection vulnerability exists in Deno's node:child_process polyfill (shell: true mode) that bypasses the fix for CVE-2026-27190. The two-stage argument sanitization in transformDenoShellCommand (ext/node/polyfills/internal/child_process.ts) has a priority bug: when an argument contains a $VAR pattern, it is wrapped in double quotes (L1290) instead of single quotes. Double quotes in POSIX sh do not suppress backtick command substitution, allowing injected commands to execute. An attacker who controls arguments passed to spawnSync or spawn with shell: true can execute arbitrary OS commands, bypassing Deno's permission system. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.7.2.

ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to 7.1.2-16 and 6.9.13-41, when a memory allocation fails in the sixel encoder it would be possible to write past the end of a buffer on the stack. This vulnerability is fixed in 7.1.2-16 and 6.9.13-41.

Cap'n Proto is a data interchange format and capability-based RPC system. Prior to 1.4.0, when using Transfer-Encoding: chunked, if a chunk's size parsed to a value of 2^64 or larger, it would be truncated to a 64-bit integer. In theory, this bug could enable HTTP request/response smuggling. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.4.0.

Cap'n Proto is a data interchange format and capability-based RPC system. Prior to 1.4.0, a negative Content-Length value was converted to unsigned, treating it as an impossibly large length instead. In theory, this bug could enable HTTP request/response smuggling. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.4.0.

Tolgee is an open-source localization platform. Prior to 3.166.3, the XML parsers used for importing Android XML resources (.xml) and .resx files don't disable external entity processing. An authenticated user who can import translation files into a project can exploit this to read arbitrary files from the server and make server-side requests to internal services. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.166.3.

Vim is an open source, command line text editor. From 9.1.0011 to before 9.2.0137, Vim's NFA regex compiler, when encountering a collection containing a combining character as the endpoint of a character range (e.g. [0-0\u05bb]), incorrectly emits the composing bytes of that character as separate NFA states. This corrupts the NFA postfix stack, resulting in NFA_START_COLL having a NULL out1 pointer. When nfa_max_width() subsequently traverses the compiled NFA to estimate match width for the look-behind assertion, it dereferences state->out1->out without a NULL check, causing a segmentation fault. This vulnerability is fixed in 9.2.0137.

Parse Server is an open source backend that can be deployed to any infrastructure that can run Node.js. Prior to 9.6.0-alpha.12 and 8.6.38, an unauthenticated attacker can take over any user account that was created with an authentication provider that does not validate the format of the user identifier (e.g. anonymous authentication). By sending a crafted login request, the attacker can cause the server to perform a pattern-matching query instead of an exact-match lookup, allowing the attacker to match an existing user and obtain a valid session token for that user's account. Both MongoDB and PostgreSQL database backends are affected. Any Parse Server deployment that allows anonymous authentication (enabled by default) is vulnerable. This vulnerability is fixed in 9.6.0-alpha.12 and 8.6.38.

Graphiti is a framework for building and querying temporal context graphs for AI agents. Graphiti versions before 0.28.2 contained a Cypher injection vulnerability in shared search-filter construction for non-Kuzu backends. Attacker-controlled label values supplied through SearchFilters.node_labels were concatenated directly into Cypher label expressions without validation. In MCP deployments, this was exploitable not only through direct untrusted access to the Graphiti MCP server, but also through prompt injection against an LLM client that could be induced to call search_nodes with attacker-controlled entity_types values. The MCP server mapped entity_types to SearchFilters.node_labels, which then reached the vulnerable Cypher construction path. Affected backends included Neo4j, FalkorDB, and Neptune. Kuzu was not affected by the label-injection issue because it used parameterized label handling rather than string-interpolated Cypher labels. This issue was mitigated in 0.28.2.

A flaw was found in mirror-registry where an authenticated user can trick the system into accessing unintended internal or restricted systems by providing malicious web addresses. When the application processes these addresses, it automatically follows redirects without verifying the final destination, allowing attackers to route requests to systems they should not have access to.

Tinyauth is an authentication and authorization server. Prior to 5.0.3, the OIDC authorization endpoint allows users with a TOTP-pending session (password verified, TOTP not yet completed) to obtain authorization codes. An attacker who knows a user's password but not their TOTP secret can obtain valid OIDC tokens, completely bypassing the second factor. This vulnerability is fixed in 5.0.3.

Tinyauth is an authentication and authorization server. Prior to 5.0.3, the OIDC token endpoint does not verify that the client exchanging an authorization code is the same client the code was issued to. A malicious OIDC client operator can exchange another client's authorization code using their own client credentials, obtaining tokens for users who never authorized their application. This violates RFC 6749 Section 4.1.3. This vulnerability is fixed in 5.0.3.

Parse Server is an open source backend that can be deployed to any infrastructure that can run Node.js. Prior to 9.6.0-alpha.11 and 8.6.37, Parse Server's built-in OAuth2 auth adapter exports a singleton instance that is reused directly across all OAuth2 provider configurations. Under concurrent authentication requests for different OAuth2 providers, one provider's token validation may execute using another provider's configuration, potentially allowing a token that should be rejected by one provider to be accepted because it is validated against a different provider's policy. Deployments that configure multiple OAuth2 providers via the oauth2: true flag are affected. This vulnerability is fixed in 9.6.0-alpha.11 and 8.6.37.

Backstage is an open framework for building developer portals. Prior to 3.1.5, authenticated users with permission to execute scaffolder dry-runs can gain access to server-configured environment secrets through the dry-run API response. Secrets are properly redacted in log output but not in all parts of the response payload. Deployments that have configured scaffolder.defaultEnvironment.secrets are affected. This is patched in @backstage/plugin-scaffolder-backend version 3.1.5.

Backstage is an open framework for building developer portals. Prior to 0.27.1, a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability exists in @backstage/plugin-auth-backend when auth.experimentalClientIdMetadataDocuments.enabled is set to true. The CIMD metadata fetch validates the initial client_id hostname against private IP ranges but does not apply the same validation after HTTP redirects. The practical impact is limited. The attacker cannot read the response body from the internal request, cannot control request headers or method, and the feature must be explicitly enabled via an experimental flag that is off by default. Deployments that restrict allowedClientIdPatterns to specific trusted domains are not affected. Patched in @backstage/plugin-auth-backend version 0.27.1.

Backstage is an open framework for building developer portals. Prior to 0.27.1, the experimental OIDC provider in @backstage/plugin-auth-backend is vulnerable to a redirect URI allowlist bypass. Instances that have enabled experimental Dynamic Client Registration or Client ID Metadata Documents and configured allowedRedirectUriPatterns are affected. A specially crafted redirect URI can pass the allowlist validation while resolving to an attacker-controlled host. If a victim approves the resulting OAuth consent request, their authorization code is sent to the attacker, who can exchange it for a valid access token. This requires victim interaction and that one of the experimental features is explicitly enabled, which is not the default. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.27.1.

NEXULEAN is a cybersecurity portfolio & service platform for an Ethical Hacker, AI Enthusiast, and Penetration Tester. Prior to 2.0.0, a security vulnerability was identified where Firebase and Web3Forms API keys were exposed. An attacker could use these keys to interact with backend services without authentication, potentially leading to unauthorized access to application resources and user data. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.0.0.

Vulnerability in the OpenSSH GSSAPI delta included in various Linux distributions. This vulnerability affects the GSSAPI patches added by various Linux distributions and does not affect the OpenSSH upstream project itself. The usage of sshpkt_disconnect() on an error, which does not terminate the process, allows an attacker to send an unexpected GSSAPI message type during the GSSAPI key exchange to the server, which will call the underlying function and continue the execution of the program without setting the related connection variables. As the variables are not initialized to NULL the code later accesses those uninitialized variables, accessing random memory, which could lead to undefined behavior. The recommended workaround is to use ssh_packet_disconnect() instead, which does terminate the process. The impact of the vulnerability depends heavily on the compiler flag hardening configuration.

ZeptoClaw is a personal AI assistant. Prior to 0.7.6, there is a Dangling Symlink Component Bypass, TOCTOU Between Validation and Use, and Hardlink Alias Bypass. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.7.6.